Spring Security短信验证码登录

Spring Security添加图形验证码一节中,我们已经实现了基于Spring Boot + Spring Security的账号密码登录,并集成了图形验证码功能。时下另一种非常常见的网站登录方式为手机短信验证码登录,但Spring Security默认只提供了账号密码的登录认证逻辑,所以要实现手机短信验证码登录认证功能,我们需要模仿Spring Security账号密码登录逻辑代码来实现一套自己的认证逻辑。

短信验证码生成

我们在上一节Spring Security添加图形验证码的基础上来集成短信验证码登录的功能。

和图形验证码类似,我们先定义一个短信验证码对象SmsCode:

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public class SmsCode {
private String code;
private LocalDateTime expireTime;

public SmsCode(String code, int expireIn) {
this.code = code;
this.expireTime = LocalDateTime.now().plusSeconds(expireIn);
}

public SmsCode(String code, LocalDateTime expireTime) {
this.code = code;
this.expireTime = expireTime;
}

boolean isExpire() {
return LocalDateTime.now().isAfter(expireTime);
}
// get,set略
}

SmsCode对象包含了两个属性:code验证码和expireTime过期时间。isExpire方法用于判断短信验证码是否已过期。

接着在ValidateCodeController中加入生成短信验证码相关请求对应的方法:

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@RestController
public class ValidateController {

public final static String SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE = "SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE";

private SessionStrategy sessionStrategy = new HttpSessionSessionStrategy();

@GetMapping("/code/sms")
public void createSmsCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, String mobile) throws IOException {
SmsCode smsCode = createSMSCode();
sessionStrategy.setAttribute(new ServletWebRequest(request), SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE + mobile, smsCode);
// 输出验证码到控制台代替短信发送服务
System.out.println("您的登录验证码为:" + smsCode.getCode() + ",有效时间为60秒");
}

private SmsCode createSMSCode() {
String code = RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(6);
return new SmsCode(code, 60);
}
}

这里我们使用createSMSCode方法生成了一个6位的纯数字随机数,有效时间为60秒。然后通过SessionStrategy对象的setAttribute方法将短信验证码保存到了Session中,对应的key为SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE

至此,短信验证码生成模块编写完毕,下面开始改造登录页面。

改造登录页

我们在登录页面中加入一个与手机短信验证码认证相关的Form表单:

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<form class="login-page" action="/login/mobile" method="post">
<div class="form">
<h3>短信验证码登录</h3>
<input type="text" placeholder="手机号" name="mobile" value="17777777777" required="required"/>
<span style="display: inline">
<input type="text" name="smsCode" placeholder="短信验证码" style="width: 50%;"/>
<a href="/code/sms?mobile=17777777777">发送验证码</a>
</span>
<button type="submit">登录</button>
</div>
</form>

其中a标签的href属性值对应我们的短信验证码生成方法的请求URL。Form的action对应处理短信验证码登录方法的请求URL,这个方法下面在进行具体实现。同时,我们需要在Spring Security中配置/code/sms路径免验证:

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@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

http.addFilterBefore(validateCodeFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class) // 添加验证码校验过滤器
.formLogin() // 表单登录
// http.httpBasic() // HTTP Basic
.loginPage("/authentication/require") // 登录跳转 URL
.loginProcessingUrl("/login") // 处理表单登录 URL
.successHandler(authenticationSucessHandler) // 处理登录成功
.failureHandler(authenticationFailureHandler) // 处理登录失败
.and()
.authorizeRequests() // 授权配置
.antMatchers("/authentication/require",
"/login.html", "/code/image","/code/sms").permitAll() // 无需认证的请求路径
.anyRequest() // 所有请求
.authenticated() // 都需要认证
.and()
.csrf().disable();
}

重启项目,访问http://localhost:8080/login.html

QQ截图20180729204953.png

点击发送验证码,控制台输出如下:

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您的登录验证码为:693583,有效时间为60秒

接下来开始实现使用短信验证码登录认证逻辑。

添加短信验证码认证

在Spring Security中,使用用户名密码认证的过程大致如下图所示:

QQ截图20180730220603.png

Spring Security使用UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器来拦截用户名密码认证请求,将用户名和密码封装成一个UsernamePasswordToken对象交给AuthenticationManager处理。AuthenticationManager将挑出一个支持处理该类型Token的AuthenticationProvider(这里为DaoAuthenticationProviderAuthenticationProvider的其中一个实现类)来进行认证,认证过程中DaoAuthenticationProvider将调用UserDetailServiceloadUserByUsername方法来获取UserDetails对象,如果UserDetails不为空并且密码和用户输入的密码匹配一致的话,则将认证信息保存到Session中,认证后我们便可以通过Authentication对象获取到认证的信息了。

由于Spring Security并没用提供短信验证码认证的流程,所以我们需要仿照上面这个流程来实现:

QQ截图20180730224103.png

在这个流程中,我们自定义了一个名为SmsAuthenticationFitler的过滤器来拦截短信验证码登录请求,并将手机号码封装到一个叫SmsAuthenticationToken的对象中。在Spring Security中,认证处理都需要通过AuthenticationManager来代理,所以这里我们依旧将SmsAuthenticationToken交由AuthenticationManager处理。接着我们需要定义一个支持处理SmsAuthenticationToken对象的SmsAuthenticationProviderSmsAuthenticationProvider调用UserDetailServiceloadUserByUsername方法来处理认证。与用户名密码认证不一样的是,这里是通过SmsAuthenticationToken中的手机号去数据库中查询是否有与之对应的用户,如果有,则将该用户信息封装到UserDetails对象中返回并将认证后的信息保存到Authentication对象中。

为了实现这个流程,我们需要定义SmsAuthenticationFitlerSmsAuthenticationTokenSmsAuthenticationProvider,并将这些组建组合起来添加到Spring Security中。下面我们来逐步实现这个过程。

定义SmsAuthenticationToken

查看UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken的源码,将其复制出来重命名为SmsAuthenticationToken,并稍作修改,修改后的代码如下所示:

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public class SmsAuthenticationToken extends AbstractAuthenticationToken {

private static final long serialVersionUID = SpringSecurityCoreVersion.SERIAL_VERSION_UID;

private final Object principal;

public SmsAuthenticationToken(String mobile) {
super(null);
this.principal = mobile;
setAuthenticated(false);
}

public SmsAuthenticationToken(Object principal, Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
super(authorities);
this.principal = principal;
super.setAuthenticated(true); // must use super, as we override
}

@Override
public Object getCredentials() {
return null;
}

public Object getPrincipal() {
return this.principal;
}

public void setAuthenticated(boolean isAuthenticated) throws IllegalArgumentException {
if (isAuthenticated) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Cannot set this token to trusted - use constructor which takes a GrantedAuthority list instead");
}
super.setAuthenticated(false);
}

@Override
public void eraseCredentials() {
super.eraseCredentials();
}
}

SmsAuthenticationToken包含一个principal属性,从它的两个构造函数可以看出,在认证之前principal存的是手机号,认证之后存的是用户信息。UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken原来还包含一个credentials属性用于存放密码,这里不需要就去掉了。

定义SmsAuthenticationFilter

定义完SmsAuthenticationToken后,我们接着定义用于处理短信验证码登录请求的过滤器SmsAuthenticationFilter,同样的复制UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter源码并稍作修改:

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public class SmsAuthenticationFilter extends AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter {

public static final String MOBILE_KEY = "mobile";

private String mobileParameter = MOBILE_KEY;
private boolean postOnly = true;


public SmsAuthenticationFilter() {
super(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/login/mobile", "POST"));
}


public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {
if (postOnly && !request.getMethod().equals("POST")) {
throw new AuthenticationServiceException(
"Authentication method not supported: " + request.getMethod());
}
String mobile = obtainMobile(request);

if (mobile == null) {
mobile = "";
}

mobile = mobile.trim();

SmsAuthenticationToken authRequest = new SmsAuthenticationToken(mobile);

setDetails(request, authRequest);

return this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest);
}

protected String obtainMobile(HttpServletRequest request) {
return request.getParameter(mobileParameter);
}

protected void setDetails(HttpServletRequest request,
SmsAuthenticationToken authRequest) {
authRequest.setDetails(authenticationDetailsSource.buildDetails(request));
}

public void setMobileParameter(String mobileParameter) {
Assert.hasText(mobileParameter, "mobile parameter must not be empty or null");
this.mobileParameter = mobileParameter;
}

public void setPostOnly(boolean postOnly) {
this.postOnly = postOnly;
}

public final String getMobileParameter() {
return mobileParameter;
}
}

构造函数中指定了当请求为/login/mobile,请求方法为POST的时候该过滤器生效。mobileParameter属性值为mobile,对应登录页面手机号输入框的name属性。attemptAuthentication方法从请求中获取到mobile参数值,并调用SmsAuthenticationTokenSmsAuthenticationToken(String mobile)构造方法创建了一个SmsAuthenticationToken。下一步就如流程图中所示的那样,SmsAuthenticationFilterSmsAuthenticationToken交给AuthenticationManager处理。

定义SmsAuthenticationProvider

在创建完SmsAuthenticationFilter后,我们需要创建一个支持处理该类型Token的类,即SmsAuthenticationProvider,该类需要实现AuthenticationProvider的两个抽象方法:

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public class SmsAuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProvider {

private UserDetailService userDetailService;

@Override
public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
SmsAuthenticationToken authenticationToken = (SmsAuthenticationToken) authentication;
UserDetails userDetails = userDetailService.loadUserByUsername((String) authenticationToken.getPrincipal());

if (userDetails == null)
throw new InternalAuthenticationServiceException("未找到与该手机号对应的用户");

SmsAuthenticationToken authenticationResult = new SmsAuthenticationToken(userDetails, userDetails.getAuthorities());

authenticationResult.setDetails(authenticationToken.getDetails());

return authenticationResult;
}

@Override
public boolean supports(Class<?> aClass) {
return SmsAuthenticationToken.class.isAssignableFrom(aClass);
}

public UserDetailService getUserDetailService() {
return userDetailService;
}

public void setUserDetailService(UserDetailService userDetailService) {
this.userDetailService = userDetailService;
}
}

其中supports方法指定了支持处理的Token类型为SmsAuthenticationTokenauthenticate方法用于编写具体的身份认证逻辑。在authenticate方法中,我们从SmsAuthenticationToken中取出了手机号信息,并调用了UserDetailServiceloadUserByUsername方法。该方法在用户名密码类型的认证中,主要逻辑是通过用户名查询用户信息,如果存在该用户并且密码一致则认证成功;而在短信验证码认证的过程中,该方法需要通过手机号去查询用户,如果存在该用户则认证通过。认证通过后接着调用SmsAuthenticationTokenSmsAuthenticationToken(Object principal, Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities)构造函数构造一个认证通过的Token,包含了用户信息和用户权限。

你可能会问,为什么这一步没有进行短信验证码的校验呢?实际上短信验证码的校验是在SmsAuthenticationFilter之前完成的,即只有当短信验证码正确以后才开始走认证的流程。所以接下来我们需要定一个过滤器来校验短信验证码的正确性。

定义SmsCodeFilter

短信验证码的校验逻辑其实和图形验证码的校验逻辑基本一致,所以我们在图形验证码过滤器的基础上稍作修改,代码如下所示:

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@Component
public class SmsCodeFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {

@Autowired
private AuthenticationFailureHandler authenticationFailureHandler;

private SessionStrategy sessionStrategy = new HttpSessionSessionStrategy();

@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse,
FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
if (StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase("/login/mobile", httpServletRequest.getRequestURI())
&& StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(httpServletRequest.getMethod(), "post")) {
try {
validateCode(new ServletWebRequest(httpServletRequest));
} catch (ValidateCodeException e) {
authenticationFailureHandler.onAuthenticationFailure(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse, e);
return;
}
}
filterChain.doFilter(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);
}

private void validateSmsCode(ServletWebRequest servletWebRequest) throws ServletRequestBindingException {
String smsCodeInRequest = ServletRequestUtils.getStringParameter(servletWebRequest.getRequest(), "smsCode");
String mobile = ServletRequestUtils.getStringParameter(servletWebRequest.getRequest(), "mobile");
ValidateCode codeInSession = (ValidateCode) sessionStrategy.getAttribute(servletWebRequest, FebsConstant.SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE + mobile);

if (StringUtils.isBlank(smsCodeInRequest)) {
throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不能为空!");
}
if (codeInSession == null) {
throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不存在,请重新发送!");
}
if (codeInSession.isExpire()) {
sessionStrategy.removeAttribute(servletWebRequest, FebsConstant.SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE + mobile);
throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码已过期,请重新发送!");
}
if (!StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(codeInSession.getCode(), smsCodeInRequest)) {
throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不正确!");
}
sessionStrategy.removeAttribute(servletWebRequest, FebsConstant.SESSION_KEY_SMS_CODE + mobile);

}
}

方法的基本逻辑和之前定义的ValidateCodeFilter一致,这里不再赘述。

配置生效

在定义完所需的组件后,我们需要进行一些配置,将这些组件组合起来形成一个和上面流程图对应的流程。创建一个配置类SmsAuthenticationConfig

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@Component
public class SmsAuthenticationConfig extends SecurityConfigurerAdapter<DefaultSecurityFilterChain, HttpSecurity> {

@Autowired
private AuthenticationSuccessHandler authenticationSuccessHandler;

@Autowired
private AuthenticationFailureHandler authenticationFailureHandler;

@Autowired
private UserDetailService userDetailService;

@Override
public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
SmsAuthenticationFilter smsAuthenticationFilter = new SmsAuthenticationFilter();
smsAuthenticationFilter.setAuthenticationManager(http.getSharedObject(AuthenticationManager.class));
smsAuthenticationFilter.setAuthenticationSuccessHandler(authenticationSuccessHandler);
smsAuthenticationFilter.setAuthenticationFailureHandler(authenticationFailureHandler);

SmsAuthenticationProvider smsAuthenticationProvider = new SmsAuthenticationProvider();
smsAuthenticationProvider.setUserDetailService(userDetailService);

http.authenticationProvider(smsAuthenticationProvider)
.addFilterAfter(smsAuthenticationFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);

}
}

在流程中第一步需要配置SmsAuthenticationFilter,分别设置了AuthenticationManagerAuthenticationSuccessHandlerAuthenticationFailureHandler属性。这些属性都是来自SmsAuthenticationFilter继承的AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter类中。

第二步配置SmsAuthenticationProvider,这一步只需要将我们自个的UserDetailService注入进来即可。

最后调用HttpSecurityauthenticationProvider方法指定了AuthenticationProviderSmsAuthenticationProvider,并将SmsAuthenticationFilter过滤器添加到了UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter后面。

到这里我们已经将短信验证码认证的各个组件组合起来了,最后一步需要做的是配置短信验证码校验过滤器,并且将短信验证码认证流程加入到Spring Security中。在BrowserSecurityConfigconfigure方法中添加如下配置:

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@Configuration
public class BrowserSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

@Autowired
private MyAuthenticationSucessHandler authenticationSucessHandler;

@Autowired
private MyAuthenticationFailureHandler authenticationFailureHandler;

@Autowired
private ValidateCodeFilter validateCodeFilter;

@Autowired
private SmsCodeFilter smsCodeFilter;

@Autowired
private SmsAuthenticationConfig smsAuthenticationConfig;

@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}

@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

http.addFilterBefore(validateCodeFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class) // 添加验证码校验过滤器
.addFilterBefore(smsCodeFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class) // 添加短信验证码校验过滤器
.formLogin() // 表单登录
// http.httpBasic() // HTTP Basic
.loginPage("/authentication/require") // 登录跳转 URL
.loginProcessingUrl("/login") // 处理表单登录 URL
.successHandler(authenticationSucessHandler) // 处理登录成功
.failureHandler(authenticationFailureHandler) // 处理登录失败
.and()
.authorizeRequests() // 授权配置
.antMatchers("/authentication/require",
"/login.html",
"/code/image","/code/sms").permitAll() // 无需认证的请求路径
.anyRequest() // 所有请求
.authenticated() // 都需要认证
.and()
.csrf().disable()
.apply(smsAuthenticationConfig); // 将短信验证码认证配置加到 Spring Security 中
}
}

具体含义见注释,这里不再赘述。

测试

重启项目,访问http://localhost:8080/login.html,点击发送验证码,控制台输出如下:

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您的登录验证码为:169638,有效时间为60秒

输入该验证码,点击登录后页面如下所示:

QQ截图20180731230532.png

认证成功。

源码链接 https://github.com/wuyouzhuguli/SpringAll/tree/master/38.Spring-Security-SmsCode

请作者喝瓶肥宅水🥤

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